Time Line for Greedville
1901 - 1950
1902
OPIUM WAR In various medical journals, physicians discuss the side effects of using heroin as a morphine step-down cure. Several physicians would argue that their patients suffered from heroin withdrawal symptoms equal to morphine addiction.
1903
OPIUM WAR Heroin addiction rises to alarming rates.
1904
OPIUM WAR - AMA creates the Council on Medical Education. Group begins efforts to shut down more than half the existing medical schools by rating them on a scale of A to C. Cooperating with state medical boards composed of what Arthur Dean Boran, head of the council, called the "right sort of men," the AMA will succeed in cutting the number of schools to 131 by 1910, from a high of 166. ARTICLE
1905
OPIUM WAR U.S. Congress bans opium.
OPIUM WAR There are 154 Medical Schools in America. The AMA begins its war on other forms of medical practice.
1906
OPIUM WAR China and England finally enact a treaty restricting the Sino-Indian opium WAR.
OPIUM WAR Several physicians experiment with treatments for heroin addiction. Dr. Alexander Lambert and Charles B. Towns tout their popular cure as the most “advanced, effective and compassionate cure” for heroin addiction. The cure consisted of a 7 day regimen, which included a five day purge of heroin from the addict’s system with doses of belladonna delirium.
U.S. Congress passes the Pure Food and Drug Act requiring contents labeling on patent medicines by pharmaceutical companies. As a result, the availability of opiates and opiate consumers significantly declines.
OPIUM WAR In Illinois the publication of secret fee increases mandated by the AMA nearly incite public violence. The secretary of the Illinois Medical Society, N.L. Barker, admonished his fellow physicians to keep their higher "fee-bills" secret, "for the people will not appreciate what was intended for kindness and justice." ARTICLE
1907
MARCH 13 - A financial panic begins with a sharp drop of the stock market.
OCTOBER-NOVEMBER - A run begins on October 23rd on the Knickerbocker Trust Co. that wipes out that bank, many other banks fail, unemployment rises, and food prices soar. Increased bank deposits infused by the United States Treasury restore confidence, supported by loans from such capitalist leaders as J. Pierpont Morgan.
1908
MAY 30 - Under the impact of the financial panic of 1907, the Aldrich-Vreeland Currency Act is passed by Congress, it establishes the National Monetary Commission to study banking.
1909
OPIUM WAR The first federal drug prohibition passes in the U.S. outlawing the imporation of opium. It was passed in preparation for the Shanghai Conference, at which the US presses for legislation aimed at suppressing the sale of opium to China.
FEBRUARY 1 - The International Opium Commission convenes in Shanghai. Heading the U.S. delegation are Dr. Hamilton Wright and Episcopal Bishop Henry Brent. Both would try to convince the international delegation of the immoral and evil effects of opium.
JULY 12 - Congress passes an amendment to the Constitution authorizing the imposition of a tax on incomes.
1910
NOVEMBER 22 – Bankers leave NY for Jekyll Island Those attending: Paul Moritz Warberg, JP Morgan, Nelson W. Aldrich, Henry P. Davison, Charles D. Norton, Abraham Platt Andrew, Frank A. Vanderlip, Benjamin Strong.
OPIUM WAR “70,000 doctors belong to the AMA, an eight-fold increase over the previous decade.” Joseph N. McCormack, having spent the preceding decade propagandizing among doctors in more than 2,000 cities and towns, succeeds in persuading them of their wish for higher compensation is in alignment with public need. Speeches given include "The Danger to the Public From an Unorganized and Underpaid Medical Profession." He denounced advertising, which provided objective standards for comparison, and denounced other forms of healing as he promised them they would make more money by eliminating their competition.
Flexner Report - “The council's secretary N.P. Colwell helps plan (and some say write) the report by Abraham Flexner. Flexner's brother, Simon, is director of the Rockefeller Institute for Medical Research. Abraham Flexner is hired by the Rockefeller-allied Carnegie Foundation so the report would not be seen as a Rockefeller initiative.
Flexner claims to have investigated nearly every school in the country and proceeds to rate them.. Schools praised receive lush grants from the Rockefeller and associated foundations. Schools condemned were shut down. AMA-dominated state medical boards rule that in order to practice medicine, a doctor had to graduate from an approved school. Post-Flexner, a school could not be approved if it taught alternative therapies. Homeopathy begins its struggle to survive. ARTICLE
OPIUM WAR After 150 years of failed attempts to rid the country of opium, the Chinese are finally successful in convincing the British to dismantle the India-China opium war on them. The same corporations are now opening up America for the same treatment.
OPIUM WAR “Fraternal organizations that contract out for their members are put out of business with legislated price controls, and hospitals — whose accreditation the AMA controlled — were pressured to refuse admittance to patients of contracting-out doctors.” ARTICLE
1913
FEBRUARY 25 - The sixteenth Amendment to the Constitution of the United States is declared in effect. [As a footnote: This amendment did not confer any new power of taxation on Congress and did not extend the power of taxation to subjects previously exempted. Its whole purpose was to exclude the source from which income tax is a direct tax which must be apportioned among the states, and thus remove the occasion which might otherwise exist for an apportionment. [27th American Jurisprudence, Section 17, pages 317, 318.] "The source of the taxing power is not the 16th Amendment, it is Article I, Section 8 of the Constitution." [Penn Mutual Indemnity Co. v. Commissioner, 32 T.C. 1959, CCH at pg. 659.]
December 23 - The Federal Reserve Act is signed, dividing the country into twelve districts, each with a federal reserve bank. The act also provides for a drastic currency based on commercial assets rather than bonded indebtness, mobilization of bank reserves, public control of the banking system [foreign interest], and decentralization rather than centralization.
1914
Chairman of the FED Charles Sumner Hamlin August 10, 1914 – August 10, 1916
JULY 28 - World War One begins in Europe
DECEMBER 17 Passage of the Harrison Narcotics Act which aims to curb drug (especially cocaine but also heroin) abuse and addiction. It requires doctors, pharmacists and others who prescribed narcotics to register and pay a tax.
1915
MAY 1 - RMS Lusitania departed Pier 54 in New York. The German Embassy in Washington had issued this warning on 22 April.[ New York Harbor. was an ocean liner owned by the Cunard Line and built by John Brown and Company of Clydebank, Scotland.
MAY 7 Lusitania torpedoed by German U-boat U-20 . Sank in eighteen minutes, eight miles (15 km) off the Old Head of Kinsale, Ireland, killing 1,198 of the 1,959 people aboard. The sinking turned public opinion in many countries against Germany, and was instrumental in bringing the United States into World War I.[4] The sinking of the Lusitania was a coup for anti-German sentiment and caused great controversy.
OCTOBER 15 - American bankers, organized by J.P. Morgan and Co., agree to lend Great Britain and France five hundred million dollars, the largest loan floated in any country.
1916
Chairman of the FED William Proctor Gould Harding 1916 - 1922
JULY 11 - The Federal Aid Road Act is signed by President Wilson. The measure provides five million dollars for the use of the States that undertake road building programs, and it establishes a system of highway classification. Almost two hundred and fifty thousand commercial vehicles and more than three million private cars are registered to use public roads.
JULY 17 - The Federal Farm Loan Act is passed by Congress.
OCTOBER 3 - Congress passes the War Revenue Act, increasing corporate and personal income taxes and establishing excise- profits, and luxury taxes.
1917
October 6 - Under the Trading With the Enemy Act of October 6, 1917, as amended on March 9, 1933, violation of the order was punishable by fine up to $10,000 ($166,640 if adjusted for inflation as of 2008) or up to ten years in prison, or both. Most citizens who owned large amounts of gold had it transferred to countries such as Switzerland.
1918
APRIL 5 - The War Finance Corporation is formed, capitalized at five hundred million dollars to support war industries through loans and bond sales. William Proctor Gould Harding served as the managing director of the War Finance Corporation.
November 11 – Armistice
1920
Congress abolishes the United States Treasury and establishes the Dept. of Treasury, in the Act of 1920 66th Congress session II ch. 214.
1922
Chairman of the FED Daniel Richard Crissinger May 1, 1923 – September 15, 1927
OPIUM WAR The Narcotic Import and Export Act restricted the importation of crude opium except for medical use.
1923
OPIUM WAR The U.S. Treasury Department’s Narcotics Division (the first federal drug agency) bans all legal narcotics sales. With the prohibition of legal venues to purchase heroin, addicts are forced to buy from illegal street dealers.
1924
APRIL 9-16,: The United States banks loan Germany two hundred million for reparation.
OPIUM WAR The Heroin Act made manufacture and possession of heroin illegal.
1925
NOVEMBER 14,: Because of a severe financial depression in Europe, the United States agrees to a sharp reduction in foreign war debts as well as interest rates on them, but still insists on partial payment.
JANUARY-APRIL 1926: War debt agreements are reached between the United States and several European countries, including France, Italy, Belgium, Czechoslovakia, Rumina, Estonia and Latvia. In the case of France it is agreed that the four billion dollars owed to the United States banks will be paid over a period of sixty two years. Italy, which owes one billion five hundred million dollars is also to be paid back in sixty two years.
OPIUM WAR In the wake of the first federal ban on opium, a thriving black market opens up in New York’s Chinatown.
1926
June 6 - Centre William Rappard (CWR), was officially opened. This is the predecessor for the World WAR Organization.
1927
Chairman of the FED Roy Archibald Young October 4, 1927 – August 31, 1930
1928
MARCH 10 - The United States pays three hundred million dollars to Germany to reimburse them for property taken during World War One.
1929
JULY 10 - The new paper currency, only two thirds the size of the old, goes into circulation.
OCTOBER 24-28 - The stock market crashes as millions of shares change hands and billions of dollars in value are lost.
1930
Chairman of the FED Eugene Isaac Meyer September 16, 1930 to May 10, 1933
FEBRUARY 24 - J.P. Morgan and Co. announce that the group formed to halt the market crash on October 24-29, has sold all its shares and is disbanded.
OPIUM WAR JUNE 14 - The Federal Bureau of Narcotics (or FBN) was an agency of the United States Department of the Treasury. Established in the Department of the Treasury by an act of Congress, consolidating the functions of the Federal Narcotics Control Board and the Narcotic Division. These older bureaus were established to assume enforcement responsibilities assigned to the Harrison Narcotics Tax Act, 1914 and the Narcotic Drugs Import and Export Act, 1922.[1] (aka Jones-Miller Act) WIKI
Through the 1930s the majority of illegal heroin smuggled into the U.S. comes from China and is refined in Shanghai and Tietsin, owned by the original corporations.
DECEMBER 11 - The largest Bank failure in the nations history takes place when the Bank of the United States closes its doors in New York.
1931
SEPTEMBER-OCTOBER - The bank panic increases as over eight hundred banks are closed in two months. Individuals start to hoard gold to protect themselves.
DECEMBER 8, 1931 - The President's Address message to Congress calls for increased taxation to make up for the deficit of nine hundred and two million dollars for the year 30-31.
1932
JANUARY 22 - The Reconstruction Finance Corporation came into existence with the purpose of loaning money to the banks.
FEBRUARY 27 - Congress passes the Glass-Steagall Act, which authorizes the sale of seven hundred and fifty million dollars worth of the government gold supply and allows the federal reserve system more leeway in discounting commercial paper.
JULY 21 - President Hoover signs the Emergency Relief Act which provides three hundred million dollars in loans to the States and increases the Reconstruction Finance Corporations debt ceiling to three billion dollars to make loans to State and local governments.
1933
Chairman of the FED Eugene Robert Black May 9, 1933 – August 15, 1934
Feb. 15. - Assassination attempt on President-Elect Roosevelt. Early in January, Roosevelt allowed it to be leaked that he was thinking about having the Treasury take control of the Federal Reserve and operate it as a ``national bank.''
It was decided to deliver Roosevelt a message. It came in the form of a hail of bullets, fired at the President-elect as he concluded a short speech before a crowd of 10,000 at a Miami waterfront rally. Five people on or near the bandstand were hit, although Roosevelt, miraculously, was not.
The man firing the shots, Giuseppe Zingara, a member of a Masonic lodge from New Jersey, was at first branded an ``anarchist.'' An FBI investigation concluded that he had acted alone, as a lone assassin. When Chicago Mayor Anton Cermak, who was wounded in the gunfire, died three weeks after the attack, it fed press speculation that he, not Roosevelt, had been the target. The press soon began reporting that various mob sources claimed, including Frank Nitti, then- boss of the Chicago mob, that Cermak was on a hit list. The popular television series, ``The Untouchables,'' recently presented the story of the attack as a mob hit on Cermak. Most U.S. history books do not talk of the assassination attempt, nor do most Americans know that it happened.
However, 1933 news accounts speak of the assassin's arm being deflected by a woman in the crowd. Her report was that the gun was aimed directly for Roosevelt, who was speaking from the seat of an open car. Had she not deflected his arm, Roosevelt would have been hit and likely killed.
March 10 - By the continued use of paper money the United States had to be declared bankrupt, which was proven by the bankruptcy procedures that were followed in President Roosevelt's Executive Orders. President Roosevelt declared the United States bankrupt by Presidential Executive Order, 6073 and the subsequent Executive Orders, 6102, 6111 and 6260.[these documents are still publicly attainable in any federal depository library]
April 20 - Executive Order 6102 modified by Executive Order 6111
May 1, 1933 - Executive Order 6102 required U.S. citizens to deliver all but a small amount of gold coin, gold bullion, and gold certificates owned by them to the Federal Reserve, in exchange for $20.67 per troy ounce.
May 23 - On the House floor, Congressman Mcfadden brought impeachment charges against many of the federal reserve board members, federal reserve agents of many States, comptroller of the currency, and several secretaries of the United States Treasury for high crimes and misdemeanors, including the theft of eighty billion dollars from the United States Government and with committing the same thefts in 1929, 1930, 1931, 1932 and 1933 and in the years previous to 1928, amounting to billions of dollars.
These charges were remanded to the Judiciary committee for investigation, where these charges were effectively buried and until this day have never been answered. [See Congressional Record pp.4055- 4058 May 23, 1933]
JUNE 16 - The National Industrial Recovery Act is passed, this allows private corporations to make their own laws and write their own statutes, as applied to the public.
JULY 1 – 1933 – The Business Plot begins Smedley Butler mets with MacGuire and Doyle for the first time. Gerald C. MacGuire was a $100 a week bond salesman for Murphy & Company,[12] [13] and member of the Connecticut American Legion.[14][15] Bill Doyle was commander of the Massachusetts American Legion.[16]
Butler stated he was asked to run for National Commander of the American Legion.[17] On July 3 or 4, Butler held a second meeting with MacGuire and Doyle. He stated they offered to get hundreds of supporters at the American Legion convention to ask for a speech.[18]
AUGUST 1 MacGuire visited Butler alone. Butler stated that MacGuire told him Col. Murphy underwrote the formation of the American Legion in New York, and Butler told MacGuire that the American Legion was "nothing but a strike breaking outfit."[19] Butler never saw Doyle again.
AUGUST 28 and 29 - Executive Order 6102 and 6111 were ultimately revoked and superseded by Executive Orders 6260 and 6261.[1]
SEPTEMBER 24,[20][21] MacGuire visited Butler's hotel room in Newark.[22] In late-September Butler met with Robert Sterling Clark.[23] Clark was an art collector and an heir to the Singer Corporation fortune.[24][25] MacGuire had known Robert S. Clark when he was a second lieutenant in China during the Boxer Rebellion. Clark had been nicknamed "the millionaire lieutenant.[25]
1934
Chairman of the FED Marriner Stoddard Eccles 1934 – 1948
JANUARY 30 - The Gold Reserve Act gives the President the right to change the value of the dollar. The President immediately devalues the dollar to fifty nine cents.
JUNE 28 - The Federal Home Association is established, to insure the loans made by banks in building homes.
1935
MAY 27 -The United States Supreme Court declares that the National Industrial Recovery Act is unconstitutional. Since the federal reserve is a private corporation and passes its own laws; does this not make the federal reserve unconstitutional [illegal]? [Schechter Poultry Corp. v. United States, 295 U.S. 495 1934]
AUGUST 14 - The Social Security Act [Federal Insurance Contribution Act] becomes law, the American people are told this is a insurance policy. This is actually an agreement between you and the United States government where you have agreed under tort law that you have contributed to the national debt and that you are a wrong doer under the definition of the word contribution, as it is used by the government. [see the word contribution and the words tort feasor in Blacks Law Dictionary 6th ed.]
AUGUST 23 - The Banking Act of 1935 is passed, restructuring the federal reserve system to allow for increased control of banking and credit.
AUGUST 28, 1935 - The Public Utility Act is signed, the United States takes control of the countries utilities.
AUGUST 29 - Congress passes the Farm Mortgage Act to offset the Supreme Courts decision against the Federal Farm Bankruptcy Act.
1939
JANUARY 4 - President Roosevelt requests one billion three hundred and nineteen million five hundred and fifty eight thousand dollars for defense.
JANUARY 5 - President Roosevelt submits a budget of nine billion dollars to Congress.
SEPTEMBER 1 - World War Two Begins.
1940
JANUARY 3 - President Roosevelt requests one billion eight hundred million dollars for defense.
MAY 31 - President Roosevelt requests one billion three hundred million dollars for defense.
JUNE 22 - Congress raises the national debt ceiling to a record high of forty nine billion dollars.
JANUARY 8 - The Presidents budget calls for a record seventeen billion eight hundred million dollars, of which sixty percent is for defense.
OPIUM WAR During World War II, opium trade routes are blocked and the flow of opium from India and Persia is cut off. Fearful of losing their opium monopoly, the French encourage Hmong farmers to expand their opium production. HEROIN TIME LINE
1941
MARCH 30 - President Roosevelt approves a measure that raises the ceiling on the public debt to a record sixty five billion dollars.
December 31 - Fort Knox held 649.6 million ounces of gold.
1943
JANUARY 5 - President Roosevelt proposed budget for the fiscal year 1943 is one hundred and eight billion nine hundred and three million dollars.
1944
JANUARY 13 - President Roosevelt proposes a budget of one hundred billion dollars for 1944.
JULY - Bretton Woods Conference, Mount Washington Hotel, NH, Groundwork for change from gold as a medium of value to fixed exchange rates between currencies Harry Dexter White and Keynes.
1945
JULY 28 - The United Nations charter is ratified by the Senate.
OPIUM WAR Burma gains its independence from Britain at the end of World War II. FROM 1945 – 1947 Opium cultivation and trade flourishes in the Shan states.
1947
The General Agreement on Tariffs and WAR (GATT) was first signed.
1948
Chairman of the FED Thomas Bayard McCabe April 15, 1948 – March 31, 1951
OPIUM WAR Corsican gangsters begin to dominate the U.S. heroin market through their connection with Mafia drug distributors. After refining the raw Turkish opium in Marseille laboratories, the heroin is made easily available for purchase by junkies on New York City streets.
1950
Through the 1950s U.S. efforts to 'contain the spread of Communism' in Asia involves forging alliances with tribes and warlords inhabiting the areas of the Golden Triangle, (an expanse covering Laos, Thailand and Burma), thus providing accessibility and protection along the southeast border of China. In order to maintain their relationship with the warlords while continuing to fund the struggle against communism, the U.S. and France supply the drug warlords and their armies with ammunition, arms and air transport for the production and sale of opium. The result: an explosion in the availability and illegal flow of heroin into the United States and into the hands of drug dealers and addicts.
JANUARY 2 - report by the United States Dept. of Commerce shows that for the period July 1, 1945 to September 30, 1949, the United States spent almost twenty five billion dollars in foreign aid. Military spending for the same years has been one third of the yearly budget.
JULY 19 - President Truman calls for partial mobilization after Korea crosses the 38th parallel and also asks Congress for ten billion dollars for the military.